An average becomes a norm
The study distinguishes tasks on which AI markedly improves performance from others on which it degrades it. Yet only 7.8% of managers correctly anticipate this distinction, while 92.2% expect improvement across all tasks.
Organisational risk emerges when a heterogeneous technological effect becomes a homogeneous expectation: raised targets, shortened deadlines or mandatory use regardless of task and person.
Change the unit of analysis
Benefit does not depend only on task, model and worker. It also depends on organisation and deployment choices: training, permission to doubt, verification, workload and the capacity to report failure.
Better deployment means not only adapting workers to the tool, but adapting the organisation and use of the tool to real work.